world health summit

schistosoma japonicum
                                    

                                                 Schistosoma japonicum is an important parasite and one of the major infectious agents of schistosomiasis. It is the cause of schistosomiasis japonica, a disease that still remains a significant health problem especially in lake and marshland regions and it only found in china. Praziquantel is generally administered in an oral form.  To prevent the disease you should properly dispose of human waste.

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosoma_japonicum

fasciola hepatica

                  

                                      Fasciola hepatica is also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke. The disease caused by the fluke is called fascioliasis is distributed worldwide, and causes great economic losses in sheep and cattle. The drug of choice in the treatment of fascioliasis is triclabendazole.

 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciola_hepatica


Taenia solium

Taenia solium also called the pork tapeworm. It infects pigs and humans in Asia, Africa, South America, parts of Southern Europe and North America. T. solium is found worldwide, but is more common in cosmopolitan areas. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice for the treatment of T. solium infection.

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taenia_solium

part 4

Part 4 - Virions, Prions, and Viruses

Learning Target:  I can compare and contrast viroids, prions, and viruses. Step 1: Use a sampling of the Web sites below to learn about prions, the diseases they cause, and the steps that the United States has taken to help prevent the spread of prion-related diseases. Take notes to help you remember what you learn. The united states setup an organization called The National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center . Step 2: Use this information to evaluate whether we are safe from the prion that has been linked to prion diseases found in animals. Describe how you would propose protecting the public from prion diseases. Prion diseases are rare but most of the time fatal. Step 3: Prions are unusual disease agents. Explain exactly how they cause disease? What can be done to stop the spread of prion diseases? What are the types of prion diseases found in animals and in humans?  How are they similar and different?

part 3

 Part A: Vaccines

 1.  What virus is believed to have killed more people in history than any other infectious disease?
Smallpox
2.  Who developed the first vaccine (inoculation)?     In what year?     Against what virus?
Edward Jenner developed an inoculation against smallpox in 1796.

3.  Vaccines work by injecting people with similar, weakened, or dead forms of a pathogen in order to increase immunity in the host. To create the first inoculation, Jenner infected his patient with what virus?    Did it work?
He inject a boy with cowpox waited then injected him with smallpox.
4.  What body system helps you when a pathogen (virus or bacteria) invades the body?
 the immune system is the systems that tries to purge your body of disease. 
5.  Describe in detail how a vaccine helps your immune system to fight off pathogens?

Part B.

Basically your body fights off the weaker strain and the when the real strain came it had no effect.

1.    Briefly describe the six types of vaccines and provide an example for each in your description.

2.  Choose one type of vaccine that is the most interesting to you and complete the interactive instructions.  Summarize the steps you took to create the vaccine.

Part C

1.    How many people die from rabies each year? (How many people every 10 minutes?)
55,000 one every ten mines
2.  What causes rabies? 
a bullet shaped virus that damages the brain
3.  Where is the rabies virus found?
every were but antartica
4.  What animals in North America can carry rabies (specific names)?
raccoons, scanks and bads
5.  How does rabies spread?
physical contact
6.  What body system is affected with rabies?
the nerves system
7. Are rabies shot really horrible for people?  How are they given?
nope its just like any other shot
8. What steps should you take to prevent rabies?
avoid stray animals
Watch the two videos below.

2.   What Animals are Most Likely to be Rabid? Answer that question after watching.

Dogs, raccoons , foxes

3.  Watch the video Rabies Symptoms. After watching the video describe rabies symptoms in humans hallucinations, tingling at the wound, prolonged salivation, respiratory problems and heart problems.

part 2

The lytic and lysogenic cycle both start with one phage lambda attaches its self to the cell and inject it DNA into the cell. They after that it can go one of two ways. In the lytic cycle the DNA breaks down the cell into proteins and makes other virus. Then the host cell is destroyed. In lysogenic cycle the DNA becomes a apart of the DNA and after the there is some sort of trigger that makes the DNA breaks up into proteins and makes viruses.  

part I

1.             Who is credited with discovering the virus?

 Robert Buist was the first to see the viruses, in an experiment in which he was examining cells taken from skin eruptions of small pox patients.

    2.       Is a virus a living thing?

 They are not sure if viruses are alive, there still being investigated whether or not they are.

    3.       Viruses are incredibly small.  Why are we not able to see viruses with the compound light microscopes we use in the science lab?

 Their too small to see with a compound microscope, you need an electron microscope to see them

    4.       What shapes do viruses assume?

They have all sorts of shapes like spheres, cubes, tadpole like, and rods.
  
    5.       How does a virus invade a host cell? 

Basically they attach to a cell, penetrated it and go inside and multiple until the cell bursts. 

    6.       Locate a photograph of a virus through Google Images. Open the paint program and draw your virus.  Label the main parts of the virus using the terms above.

    

Bacteria and Humans

1.  What is pathology?
pathology is study of disease
2.  What is an extoxin and what type of bacteria makes the toxin?  Provide an example of a disease caused by this?
Extoxins are toxic substances that bacteria secrete into their environment, extoxin are secrete by living bacteria.
3.  What is an endotoxin and what type of bacteria make the toxin?  Provide an example of a disease caused by this?  endotoxin are toxic substance that bacteria secrete when they die.

4. What is antibiotic resistance and how does it happen?
Its when a bacteria is are exposed to an antibiotic and they don't die from it and they gain resistance against antibiotics.
5.  Think about how bacteria have affected human history.  Choose two specific examples of bacterial diseases that have had a historical impact.  Write about each disease and provide a description of the disease including signs/symptoms, how it spreads, how common it is today compared to historically, and how it is prevented and treated.  Be sure you choose images that are relevant, appropriate, and tasteful.

Diphtheria is one historically significant out of many. The symptoms of diphtheria usually begin two to seven days after infection. Symptoms of diphtheria  are usually fever 100.4° and higher, chills, fatigue, bluish skin coloration, sore throat, hoarseness, cough, headache, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, bloodstained nasal discharge. Diphtheria is a contagious disease spread by direct physical contact or breathing.

Baby bollinger

The baby Bollinger case, in 1915 a baby was born without a neck, one ear misshapen chest and shoulders and major malformations. The doctor who delivered the baby was Dr. harry haiseiden a surgeon; he concluded that this “defective” baby’s life would not be worth saving. He convinced the parents to let their son die. Dr. haiselden speculated that the mother had typhoid fever before the pregnancy and might have been a contributing factor and would let the baby die by injecting the baby with narcotics. Legally this is illegal because this is murder of a child but during this time it was justified. Scientific this baby back then was consider an abomination and they did have the kind of technology to help this child live. My idea or ethics in this situations, i think they should have tried to spare his life but again the year this baby was born i would not hold it againt anyone that they killed thw child.   

dolly the sheep

Bioethics
Dolly the sheep,


Dolly the she was the first successful cloned and healthy mammal in the world. She gave birth to six lambs to prove that she was fertile and prove that cloned animals can reproduce. The significance why dolly the sheep in bioethical issues is because cloning humans comes to mind. That’s a touchy subject because some think we should cloned humans for body part and then other think that they would be people and have the same rights we have. So yea kind of touchy but the result of dolly was we use cloned animals today for agriculture proposes.
      

fastest man with no legs

Does the blades give pistorus an advantage? (Scientific) how well do the blades to in the weather? (Scientific) should he run in profession competition? (Legal) are the blades legal to run in a marathon? (Legal) are the blades easy to control? (Scientific)